What technology do VOR stations use for navigation?

VOR stations utilize VHF Omnidirectional Range technology for navigation. This system broadcasts very high frequency (VHF) radio signals that aircraft can receive, allowing pilots to determine their position relative to the VOR station. The VOR operates by transmitting two signals; one is a reference signal that is emitted evenly in all directions, and the other is a variable signal that rotates around the station. By comparing the phase of these two signals at the aircraft’s position, the onboard equipment can calculate the aircraft's bearing from the VOR.

This technology is crucial for en-route navigation, as it enables pilots to navigate through controlled airspace and approach or depart from airports with accuracy. It can provide pilots with a reliable bearing to the station, thus helping to ensure safety and efficiency during flight operations.

The other choices, while they may sound plausible, do not accurately describe the specific technology used by VOR stations. Understanding VOR's operation and its role in aviation navigation is essential for pilots and those studying aviation systems.